The CTX-M Type ESBL Gene Production by Klebsiella Species in Urinary Tract Infection

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) have been reported to affect up to 150 million individuals worldwide every year [1] and caused mainly by Escherichia coli (68%); Klebsiella (16.9%); Proteus (5.5%); Enterobacter (5.3%); Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2.8%); and others (1.5%) of the isolates in India [18]. The World Health Organization and the European Commission have recognized the importance of studying the emergence and determinants of acquired anti-microbial resistance and the need to devise appropriate strategies for their control [2-4]. Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) have increased dramatically among clinical Enterobacteriaceae during last 3 decades. CTX-M enzymes are a group of class A extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) that are more rapidly spreading among Enterobacteriaceae family worldwide. Since the initial isolation of CTX-M-1 from a European in the late 1980s, more than 130 CTX-M variants have been described so far. At present CTX-M family comprises 40 enzymes. The most closely related βlactamases with identities, 62 to 75% are the International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 6 Number 7 (2017) pp. 888-894 Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com